"The Synergistic Interplay between Vitamins D & K for Bone & Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review"; we know that D3 is/was critical for immune support & COULD have helped in COVID; we failed!
van Ballegooijen & Verheyen: Current evidence supports notion that joint supplementation of vitamins D3 & K might be more effective than consumption of either alone for immune, bone & cardiovascular
‘Vitamins D and K are both fat-soluble vitamins and play a central role in calcium metabolism. Vitamin D promotes the production of vitamin K-dependent proteins, which require vitamin K for carboxylation in order to function properly. The purpose of this review is to summarize available evidence of the synergistic interplay between vitamins D and K on bone and cardiovascular health. Animal and human studies suggest that optimal concentrations of both vitamin D and vitamin K are beneficial for bone and cardiovascular health as supported by genetic, molecular, cellular, and human studies. Most clinical trials studied vitamin D and K supplementation with bone health in postmenopausal women.
Few intervention trials studied vitamin D and K supplementation with cardiovascular-related outcomes. These limited studies indicate that joint supplementation might be beneficial for cardiovascular health. Current evidence supports the notion that joint supplementation of vitamins D and K might be more effective than the consumption of either alone for bone and cardiovascular health. As more is discovered about the powerful combination of vitamins D and K, it gives a renewed reason to eat a healthy diet including a variety of foods such as vegetables and fermented dairy for bone and cardiovascular health.’
SOURCE:
I take a D3+K2 supplement.
The supported paper in this substack was written in 2020.
I recall Dr. Mercola interviewing Dr. Kate Rheaume-Bleue from ON, Canada, who had already written a book on this topic after researching data from two other biochemists. at least ten years ago. Dr. Kate is a Naturopath healer.
In a nut shell; Vit D3 affects the metabolism of Calcium, but without the ability to ensure the Calcium is directed to bones and teeth. Calcium has been shown to accumulate in the arteries. Especially with higher doses of Vit D3. The Vit K2 taken with the Vit D3 helps to direct the Calcium to the bones and teeth, away from the arteries.